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In: Energymaterials, Students, Summerstudents

In chemistry, working up a synthesis route or a method which leads to the favored product is a challenging, lengthy procedure. Most of the time it is based on the concept “trial and error” and a lot is discovered by coincidence. For instance, the today’s industrial processes hydroformylation and the Czochralski process have their roots in accidental discoveries and very precise observation. Before a synthesis method becomes a large industrial process the synthesis must be optimized in a much smaller scale. That happens in the laboratory and is an odyssey that includes varying different parameters. Chemists refer to their work in the laboratory as “cooking”.Read More →

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In: Energymaterials, Summerstudents

Introduction I hope everyone knows the terms from the title of the post. I thought quite a lot whether it was worth writing them or not. But nevertheless I will explain the meaning of terms. Cryogenic temperatures should be called temperatures below 120 K. Cryogenic devices are those whose actions are based on the use of superconductivity phenomena at very low changes. Further SRF – Superconduction Radio Frequency. Theory In the superconducting photoinjector of bERLinPro the photocathode (electron source) is held at 80 K. During operation the photocathode suffers from heat load due to RF- and laser power. A study was made of heat transportRead More →

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In: Summerstudents

The people that work here come from all over the world to achieve one goal: create a better world. HZB institute helps to reach this aim and its beauty is that it shares only a location with Germany, yet here foreign habits, cultures, and languages meet. These differences define each person and distinguish them from each other. But what is a tradition? What is a habit? A habit is what determines your lifestyle, what you do instinctively and unconsciously. According to Albert Camus, a French philosopher and writer who lived in the first half of the 20th century, human beings live a life that isRead More →

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In: Energymaterials, Summerstudents

For already one month I am a part of the Internship Program in the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin. Upon arriving to The Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin on the first day of my internship I was filled with mixed emotions, most notable of anxiety and excitement. I recall feeling both surprised and honored to have been presented with my own office. Once I had settled into what would be my workspace for the next two months, I was reminded of the feeling I had when studying into my freshman year of my university. It was an intense feeling of both responsibility and accomplishment. Working at The Helmholtz ZentrumRead More →

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In: Energymaterials, Summerstudents

Have you ever been sitting in company, discussing ridiculous stories about your scars and injuries? Probably, yes. Once, I spent a whole evening talking about these funny cases with my friends. However, the story of the scar I got because of a hot radiator, was outshined by a guy who has gotten a serious burn while he was sleeping with a laptop on his knees. That day I didn’t believe his story, but later I noticed that occasionally my electronic devices heated up incredibly. “Nothing is perfect”, I thought and forgot about this episode for a while. A couple years later, I arrived in aRead More →

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In: International, Students, Summerstudents

If you try to search for “PSO” abbreviation in wiki you may find Pacific Symphony Orchestra or Phase-shift oscillator. However, my project at HZB is about neither music nor electricity, but mathematics. For almost a month here I have been working on an algorithm called Particle Swarm Optimization method and I would like you to have some impression of it.  Optimization Actually, the definition of optimization problem is quite simple. One has a function of n-variables f(x1, …, xn) and seeks to find such values of variables that give minimum to the function. However, the solution is not that simple, because in general you cannotRead More →

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In: Energymaterials, Students, Summerstudents

A friend of mine that is not connected with physics at all once wondered what I were doing at neutron reactor. That is why she asked me a simple question: “How will your work save the world?” When you are deep inside of your work, physicists, chemists, biologists sometimes forget about that big beautiful aim of everything what we are doing here. Science is not only for your own development, your own interest: it is the way to make the world around better, it is an instrument for doing something great. So, how am I going to save the world? You won’t believe, with water.Read More →

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In: Energymaterials, Summerstudents

The story began from southern Jordan, specifically from my home city “ Al-Karak ”, where I am actually living and studying. It takes about one hour and 30 minutes to reach the Queen Alia International Airport (QAIA) by car. The challenges began as I reached the check point inside the airport, maybe because it was my first flight alone outside Jordan. Also, the fact that not all the people in Germany speaks English made me a bit afraid. after four hours and twenty minutes, one of my childhood dreams came true, I am in Germany guys! Mercedes, Audi, Volkswagen, and Opel home country! as I gotRead More →

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In: Energymaterials, Students, Summerstudents

  Why so charming the science is? I think this question always lingers in our mind. When I was a child, I remember the best day maybe the day I got a box of crayons from my parents, I used them to draw a bird, a cloud, and my happy family. Over time, I became a master student at Peking University (China), and my major research field is organic materials synthesis and application. Luckily, this summer I became a summer student of HZB, have to say, I really enjoy the life here, so I decided to make an electrochromic graffito as a gift for HZB. As you can see in theRead More →

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In: Lightsources, Students, Summerstudents

Time is an intriguing concept, isn’t it? We could summarize our own existence in terms of seconds, but there is so much more happening in shorter periods of time, and that’s the main objective of my project. We care about “picoseconds”, an incredibly small subdivision of the second. To help putting things into perspective, there are as many picoseconds in a second as seconds are in THIRTY ONE THOUSAND AND SEVEN HUNDRED years. Yeah, that´s right. But what the hell happens during that time? Well, electrons happen. The guys responsible for driving our whole world as we know it today happen to have an incredibly rich andRead More →